Published on 06-May-2023
Feature |
Active Voice |
Passive Voice |
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Definition | Active voice is a grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence performs the action of the verb. | Passive voice is a grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence receives the action of the verb. |
Structure | In active voice, the subject comes before the verb and the object comes after the verb. | In passive voice, the object comes before the verb and the subject comes after the verb (or is implied). |
Clarity | Active voice is generally more clear and direct than passive voice, since it clearly identifies the agent performing the action. | Passive voice can be less clear and may obscure the agent responsible for the action. |
Emphasis | Active voice emphasizes the subject performing the action and can make the sentence more dynamic and engaging. | Passive voice de-emphasizes the subject and can make the sentence more static or impersonal. |
Tone | Active voice is often associated with a more assertive, confident tone. | Passive voice is often associated with a more tentative or passive tone. |
Verb Tense | In active voice, the verb tense typically reflects the time frame of the action performed by the subject. | In passive voice, the verb tense typically reflects the time frame of the action received by the subject. |
Clauses | Active voice is often used for main clauses in a sentence, since it is more clear and concise. | Passive voice is often used for subordinate clauses, where the emphasis is on the action rather than the agent. |
Grammatical Construction | Active voice is the default grammatical construction in English and is used more frequently than passive voice. | Passive voice is less common in English and is typically used for specific purposes or to avoid using the active voice. |
Object Placement | In active voice, the object typically follows the verb. | In passive voice, the object typically precedes the verb or is implied. |
Agency | Active voice emphasizes the agency of the subject, making it clear who is responsible for the action. | Passive voice de-emphasizes agency and can obscure the identity of the agent. |
Sentence Structure | Active voice often leads to shorter, more concise sentences. | Passive voice often leads to longer, more complex sentences. |
Clarity of Meaning | Active voice is often more clear and straightforward, making it easier for the reader to understand the meaning of the sentence. | Passive voice can be more ambiguous, making it harder for the reader to determine the agent responsible for the action. |
Active vs. Passive Verbs | Active voice uses active verbs that describe an action performed by the subject. | Passive voice uses passive verbs that describe an action received by the subject. |
Subject Focus | Active voice focuses on the subject performing the action. | Passive voice focuses on the action received by the subject. |
Use in Writing | Active voice is often preferred in writing, especially in journalistic, academic, and technical writing. | Passive voice is often used in scientific writing, legal writing, and other contexts where the agent may be unknown or unimportant. |
Pronoun Use | Active voice often uses pronouns such as "I," "you," "he," or "she" to identify the subject. | Passive voice often uses the pronoun "it" to refer to the action being performed. |
Writing Style | Active voice is associated with a more lively and engaging writing style. | Passive voice is associated with a more formal and academic writing style. |
Sentence Focus | Active voice emphasizes the subject and the action performed. | Passive voice emphasizes the action received by the subject. |
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