(Posted:11-Jul-2015)

Ectopic pregnancy: It is a condition characterized by implantation and development of fertilized ovum any where outside the normal uterine cavity. Sites of ectopic pregnancy: *Extrauterine- Fellopian tubes: 97% Ovary: 0.5% Abdominal cavity: .1%. *Uterine-1.5% Rudimentary horn. Cervical. Cornual. *Ampulla- 55% Commonest. Least dangerous. *Isthmus- 25% Less common. More dangerous. *Fimbrial-18%. *Interstitial- Rare(2%). Risk factor: a.Pelvic inflammatory disease. b.Artificial reproduction technique pregnancy. c.Tubal surgery. d.previous ectopic pregnancy. e.Endometriosis. Pregnancy outcome in ectopic pregnancy: *Tubal rupture: •Intraperitoneal bledding. •Broad ligament heamatoma. • Fetal survival to term. *Tubal abortion: •Chronic ectopic adnexal mass. •Missed abortion. •Complete abortion. Clinical presentation: 1)Amenorrhoea: less than 6 weeks duration. 2)Pain. 3)Vaginal bleeding. 4)Retension of urine. Investigation: 1) Ultrasonography. 2)beta-hcg hormone level. Treatment: °Administration of i/v fluid. °Sending blood for grouping,Rh and cross matching. °Blood transfusion as soon as possible. °Oxygen. °Catheterization. °Injection antibiotic. °Close monitoring of vital signs.