Xylem is based on four distinct cell types:
Tracheids: Tracheids are elongated cells with sharp, slender ends. They aid in the vertical transport of water and minerals.
Vessels: Vessels are tubular structures that are short and linked end to end. They aid in mineral transport and provide sufficient rigidity to the organs.
Xylem parenchyma: Stores food and aids in water conduction sideways.
Xylem sclerenchyma: They are supportive of nature. They can be found in the Xylem of all dicots. Phloem is made up of four different types of cells.
Phloem is also based on four distinct cell types:
Sieve tubes: They have a tubular shape with multiple pores perforating their walls.
Companion cells: Companion cells are found in sieve tubes, which are small, thin-walled cells with thick, active cytoplasm and a long, elongated nucleus.
Phloem parenchyma: They have protoplasm on their thin walls. They also assist in the storage and transportation of food.
Phloem fiber: They are no longer alive cells. The long cells are stacked one on top of the other.They're also known as bast fibers.
