Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the form of chemicals present inside our bodies.
Our body cannot function without them.
They carry chemical signals or messages from one neuron to the next target cell.
The next target cell can be:
-
A nerve cell
-
A muscle cell
-
A gland
Seven Different Neurotransmitters
1. Acetylcholine
-
Plays an important role in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
-
Controls body muscles and autonomic body functions.
-
Helps in learning, studying, memorizing, and recalling.
2. Dopamine
-
Functions as both a hormone and neurotransmitter.
-
Helps with body movement, motor functions, and motivation.
3. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
-
Present in the brain.
-
Slows brain activity by blocking specific signals in the central nervous system when needed.
4. Glutamate
-
Found in the brain and central nervous system.
-
Ensures proper brain functioning in certain situations.
5. Histamine
-
A chemical created in the body.
-
Released by white blood cells into the bloodstream when the immune system detects a potential allergen.
-
Can trigger allergic reactions from pollen, mold, and certain foods.
-
Can be severe in some cases.
6. Norepinephrine
-
Increases alertness, arousal, and attention.
-
Constricts blood vessels to maintain blood pressure under stress.
-
Affects sleep-wake cycle, moods, and memory.
7. Serotonin
-
Plays a role in mood, sleep, wake cycle, emotions, feelings, digestion, appetite, nausea, wound healing, bone health, blood clotting, and sexual desire.