Applications of Genome Sequencing
Genome sequencing is a significant advance in modern biotechnology. Its application is observed in various fields.
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Identification and Isolation of Genes: The identification and subsequent isolation of a particular gene from any organism; e.g., the human insulin-producing gene, which is located on top of the DNA of the short arm of the chromosome.
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Agricultural Applications: Searching for genes useful for plant disease resistance, pest resistance, or survival in adverse environments; e.g., Bt toxin gene CryIAC and salinity tolerance gene PDH 45.
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Improving Plant Quality: To improve the quality of plants through the search for genes with improved traits and through biotechnology; for example, the beta-carotene gene of golden rice. This helps us get better and healthier crops, plants, rice, and other components that are needed for organisms to survive.
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Basic Research in Plants and Microorganisms: Application of genome sequencing data to basic research activities in plants or microorganisms; for example, the genome sequencing data of rice, jute, maize, etc., are applied in further basic research.
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Animal Nutrition and Quality: Application of genome sequencing methods to improve nutritional quality and quantity of cattle meat and milk, which we consume to stay healthy and fit. This process helps us obtain better versions of foods and milk.
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Human Genome Applications: Much information about the human genome has now been revealed by human genome sequencing, making it possible to apply this information in many areas of research, including medical science; for example, the application of the insulin gene.
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Gene Expression Analysis: The analysis of gene expression strategy in any organism and study of these data.
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Forensic Applications: DNA testing can identify the rapist by analyzing sperm from the private parts of the victim or from other parts of the body and clothes and matching it with the rapist's blood. If a newborn is switched or deliberately swapped in a hospital, the baby's mother can be identified by testing the DNA of the mother's and baby's cells. Genome sequencing can also identify random or mutilated individuals even in difficult situations.
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Bioinformatics: Extracting essential elements for bioinformatics through the process of genome sequencing data.
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Wildlife Management: The developed and better management of wild animals like lions, tigers, elephants, etc., especially in breeding; DNA sequencing techniques are applied to make the animals healthier and stronger.
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Other Applications: Genome sequencing is successfully applied in biofuel development, dengue mosquito control, interferon production, cancer research, and many other fields that are helpful for global development.